Armazenamento de pedúnculo de cajueiro em atmosfera controlada com a aplicação de 1-MCP

Abstract

The transport over long distances and marketing of fresh cashew peduncles has been hampered due to their short postharvest life at room temperature (approximately 48 hours). Due to this problem, storage techniques have been studied in order to delay senescence and improve post-harvest quality. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of storage in controlled atmosphere with low levels of O2 and high CO2 in the quality maintenance of cashew tree peduncles. The dissertation consists of two experiments. For the first experiment with fruits from Petrolina - PE, the effect of CA and application of 1-MCP was evaluated. The treatments applied were: [1] Control (RA 3 °C); [2] RA + 1-MCP; [3] 3.0 kPa O2 + 3.0 kPa CO2 [4] 3.0 kPa O2 + 3.0 kPa CO2 + 1-MCP; [5] 3.0 kPa O2 + 5.0 kPa CO2; [6] 3.0 kPa O2 + 5.0 kPa CO2 + 1-MCP; [7] 3.0 kPa O2 + 10.0 kPa CO2; [8] 3.0 kPa O2 + 10.0 kPa CO2 + 1-MCP. In the second experiment, with fruits from the municipality of Cascavel-CE, the following treatments were evaluated: [1] Control (RA 5 °C); [2] 3.0 kPa O2 + 8.0 kPa CO2; [3] 3.0 kPa O2 + 12.0 kPa CO2; [4] 3.0 kPa O2 + 16.0 kPa CO2; [5] 1.5 kPa O2 + 8.0 kPa CO2. In the first experiment (2018), the storage condition with 3.0 kPa O2 + 10.0 kPa CO2 irrespective of 1-MCP treatment, was more efficient in maintaining the quality of the fruits, by reducing the mass loss, reducing the decay incidence, kept greater firmness of pulp and percentage and more healthy fruit. Chilled storage (RA) isolated or combined with 1-MCP did not delay the incidence of rot in Clone CCP 76. The period in which the fruits were stored was not sufficient to cause changes in the soluble solid content, titratable acidity and juice color. In the second experiment, in 2019, in storage in CA for a period of 15 days, the fruits showed less loss of mass, greater pulp firmness and 100% of healthy fruit. When stored in CA for 30 days, the fruits maintained greater pulp firmness and low decay incidence. Taking into account the physical-chemical analyzes at harvest and after 30 days of storage at 3.0 ± 0.1 ºC and 93 ± 0.3% RH, the results suggest that the use of CA with high partial pressures of CO2 maintains the postharvest shelf life of the early dwarf cashew clone CCP 76.