Viabilidade de aplicação de sistema solar passivo de aquecimento de ar através de ganho isolado de calor para a zona bioclimática 2 brasileira

Abstract

The passive solar system by isolated heat gain is characterized by collecting and storing solar radiation in thermally isolated spaces, the solar collectors. The heat flow occurs by convection of the air. The main objective of this work is to analyze the feasibility of applying a passive solar system in the Brazilian bioclimatic zone 2. Its methodology was divided in the phases of site selection, prototype construction, equipment installation, data collection, computational simulation of thermal load of heating, analysis of temperature behavior and yield. The prototype was built in the Efficient People's House located at the UFSM Event Center and tests were performed with single glass top and double glass top closures. It was verified that the yield of the solar system as a function of the incident solar radiation with the closing of double glass (50.43%) is higher in 11.38% to the yield of the system with simple glass closure (39.05%). This is due to the tightness acquired with double glazing and its ability to retain heat, reducing thermal exchange with the external environment. It was observed that the solar radiation received is sufficient for the heating and storage of heat in the solar collector, but the transmission of heat by natural convection, also called thermosyphon, is not enough to transmit all the necessary thermal load and leave the environment in the comfort temperature for the winter weather. Finally, in order to print higher system performance and increase ambient temperatures, it is necessary to provide mechanical assistance - such as the use of an exhaust hood - to help the transmission of hot air to the environment and thus achieve thermal comfort .