Desenvolvimento de um sistema de monitoramento do acúmulo térmico na fenologia de culturas através do método de graus-dia

Abstract

The environment temperature has direct influence in plant development, thus it is a better measure to biological time instead of days in civil calendar. For this reason, there is a relationship between development rate and the incidence of termic energy in crops. The degree-days method is based on the concept that, considering the fulfillment of each stage of development, plants require an accumulated heat sum, with values into a limit of base temperature, for each crop, under of that the metabolic process are established or paralyzed. As a result, the heat sum represents a measurement parameter by the environment temperature for analysis of crop development. For this way, it is possible to numerically evaluate the stages of crop growth from its thresholds, which determine changes and stage duration, thus covering the whole cycle of plant development. The hybrid culture generation is a field of constant research. In agronomy, a greater genetic diversity leads for the creation of more productive seeds and with more resistance to adverse conditions. The synchronization of flowering parents is essential for the process of hybrid seeds. Thus, the monitoring of crop development by the degree-day method is the approach to define when it should be sown each parent, in field level, for the period of flowering parent plants (male and female) occurs at the same time. This work intends to propose a web service responsible for analysis, handling and the forecast of degree-day values referring crops integrated to a data base with stored records of termic values transmitted from meteorologic stations deployed near to the site of plantation.