Cotidiano de adolescentes e jovens com doença renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the daily life of adolescents and young people with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research of the Case Study type that was developed in a renal clinic in southern Brazil. Study participants were eight adolescents and young people between 18 and 24 years old who were on hemodialysis during the data collection period, from February 5, 2021 to January 26, 2022, meeting the inclusion criteria. Data production took place through semi-structured face-toface interviews, mediated by the construction of the genogram and ecomap, documental data from electronic medical records and participant observation through data triangulation. The observation took place in the clinic during hemodialysis treatment with the use of an observation script and field diary. Data from the interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution under Presentation Certificate Number for Ethical Review 41730620.7.0000.5346. The results showed that the daily life of adolescents and young people in the experience of chronic kidney disease is affected from the diagnosis to the understanding of the pathology and its implications, generating clinical, physical, and psycho-emotional changes. Most do not work or study and have limits on performing everyday activities. The presence of arteriovenous fistula was manifested in a negative way, in relation to self-image and sports practice. In the Social Network, in the experience of chronic kidney disease, family, friends and the church were relevant, which alleviate the challenges of the disease and treatment in their daily lives, in addition to the limitations imposed by the disease. In the participant observation, data from the interviews, such as cell phone use and sleeping during the sessions, were confirmed. Participants expressed the desire for dreams and projects for the future. It was concluded that the daily life of adolescents and young people undergoing hemodialysis treatment is permeated by confrontations plus the impact of the disease and the new condition imposed by the treatment in their daily lives. in the process of diagnosis and treatment, the presence of the family, especially the mother, is highlighted. It was necessary to adapt to the new daily life that is permeated by physical and emotional exhaustion. Among the care practices, there is food and medication for continuous use. The social network is made up of family, friends, and the church. It is suggested to expand the studies with this group in other scenarios of caring.