Características de internações e reinternações hospitalares de crianças e adolescentes

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze hospitalizations and hospital readmissions of children and adolescents in a small hospital in the North of Rio Grande do Sul. Method: This research is characterized as na observational, retrospective and analytical study carried out through consultations with pediatric patients' records (from zero to 17 years old), Who were hospitalized in 2014 and 2018.The research has a population of 1025 children and adolescents. The variables analyzed included age, sex, length of stay, access sector, health insurance, municipality of residence, chapter ICD-10, previous illness, complications during hospitalization, use of polypharmacy, transfer to specialized service and number of out patient visits. The data were analyze dusing descriptive and analytical statistics, using SPSS software, version 20.0. Pearson's chi squaretestand t test were used, with statistical significance of 0.05 and 95% confidence interval, when comparing the analyzed out comes. Results: In pediatric hospitalizations and readmissions, in the studys cenario, boys (52%), aged up to 12 years (70.9%), were accessed by the urgency and emergency department and attended by the Unified Health System. Most study participants (67.8%) stayed less than three days in hospital. The most frequent diagnoses during hospitalizations were diseases of the respiratory system (36.4%), diseases of the digestive system (18.7%) and injuries, poisonings and some other consequences of external causes (12.3%). Male children and adolescents, with previous illnesses and hospitalized in the spring and winter seasons, were more frequent in hospital readmissions (p <0.005). Children and adolescents with previous illness had a 4 times higher risk of chance of hospital readmission, when compared to those without a history of illness. There was no significant difference in the number of out patient visits between those Who readmitted or not, in the analyzed period. Conclusion: prevalence was identified in males, age group of children, attended by SUS and Who accessed the hospital through the urgency and emergency department. Finally, chronicity, through past illnesses, represents the greatest risk for pediatric readmissions. Recognizing pediatric characteristics reinforces health education strategies and preparing for hospital discharge, especially in the face of chronicity in childhood and needs for articulation in the care network.