Inovação e as revoluções na indústria

Abstract

The study aims to verify how innovation evolved from a theoretical and historical perspective and how its practice in the global industrial park was revealed. For that, the evolution of what is understood as innovation is verified along each of the periods of revolutions in the industry. It is also intended to identify which were the innovative practices and their impacts in each of the periods of the revolutions, summarizing the main contributions on the understanding of innovation (theoretical and practical) for each period covered. Many concepts of innovation are neologisms or deviations especially from the first studies by Schumpeter, in which the role of the innovative process is seen as an essential component to mesh the capitalist process. After Schumpeter's eruditions, numerous studies on his theory emerged, which gave rise to new alternatives of understanding regarding technical progress and the innovative process. Such studies are based on new technologies and such research efforts have developed a theoretical framework for change in the economy, emerging, in this context, schools of economic thought, which is known as the neo-Schumpeterian current. The method used in the study is exploratory and its classification is guided by using the bibliographic review technique. It was found that each "Era" of the Industrial Revolution is equipped with one or more "waves of innovation" and/or technological revolution that have characteristics specific to their productive development and that there is a strong relationship of dependence on the previous understood revolution, or that is, the evolution process of the industry and its innovations is a process codependent on what was established previously