Avaliação das condições da superfície de um pavimento asfáltico da cidade de Cachoeira do Sul/RS

Abstract

Since ancient times there is a consensus that paving roads is essential to improve traffic conditions. In Brazil, the main type of paving used in highways is flexible pavements. In this context, it is essential to evaluate the conditions of the bearing surface to guarantee comfort, safety and economy to the user. Functional evaluations of a pavement refer to the analysis of the state of the roadway, and can be performed subjectively and objectively. This research aimed to evaluate the conditions of the asphalt surface in a case study in the city of Cachoeira do Sul-RS. To this end, there was a literature review on the subject, addressing issues related to pavements, functional assessment – subjective and objective, surface defects and maintenance and rehabilitation actions. Based on the bibliographic review, methodologies based on the assessments of the Current Service Value and the Global Gravity Index were used in order to determine the conditions of the roadway. The research was carried out in the subsection of the BR-153 in the city of Cachoeira do Sul-RS, which has a length of 8.7 km and includes Avenida dos Imigrantes (segments 1 and 2) and Volta da Charqueada (segments 3 and 4). ). The subjective evaluations were carried out in 4 segments of 600 meters and considering the two directions of the road, and the objective ones in the same 4 segments, however in extensions of 320 meters. In the studied stretches, there was variation in both the VSA and the IGG results. Regarding the VSA, at the time of evaluation, the comfort and rolling smoothness of segments 1 and 2 were considered good, which may be related to the similar characteristics of the asphalt surface; the third was considered regular, which may be linked to FC-II type defects in the bearing cap; and the last segment was the best evaluated because it was considered great. Despite this variation, the overall result (3.53) determined that the section under study is in good conditions of rolling comfort. In turn, the IGG of segment 1 was good, segment 2 was influenced by defects such as exudation, plastic sinking and patches, which resulted in a regular classification, the third is in good condition and the last in excellent condition. conservation. In this case, the overall result obtained (38.40) indicates that the section under study is in a good state of conservation. Thus, the joint analysis of the evaluations carried out indicate good conditions of the highway's functional performance. Finally, based on the inventoried surface defects, maintenance actions based on the "decision tree" method were proposed in order to be carried out early, ensuring a level of service appropriate to the proper functioning of the highway. The main corrective actions were related to defects of the interconnected patch and crack types, so that the deterioration of the asphalt surface does not continue in the indicated places and possible evolution to more severe defects.