Avaliação da atividade das colinesterases, adenosina desaminase e biomarcadores de inflamação em pacientes com esclerose múltipla

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease complex, since several pathophysiological processes, including inf lammation, demyelination, axonal damage and repair mechanisms are involved in its eme rgence. It attacks the central nervous system (CNS) and may affect both brain and bone s . Research es ha ve shown that changes in the immune response and the presence of pro inflammatory events may lead to the emergence of patholog ies and relapses in the MS. In this context, it becomes important to study cholinesterase enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) as well as the inflammatory biomarkers and nucleotides and nucleosides of adenine and adenos ine deaminase (ADA) because all these parameters are involved in regulating the immune system and pr o and/or anti inflammatory processes. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the AChE activity in lymphocytes and whole blood as well as the activ ity of BChE and ADA enzymes and the levels of IL 1, IL 6, IL 10, IFN γ, TNF α and C reactive protein (CRP) in serum. Additionally, we evaluated the levels of ATP, ADP, AMP, adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine and uric acid in heal thy subjects and in the seru m of patients with the rel apsing remitting form of MS (RR M S Results showed a significant increase in the AChE activity in lymphocytes a s well as whole blood and serum BChE in patients compared with heal thy subjects (P <0.05). Also, we observed an increas e in serum levels of IL 1, IL 6, IFN γ, TNF α and C reactive protein (CRP) and a decrea se in IL 10 in patients with RR M S when compared to the control group. Another imp ortant finding was the increased ADA activi ty in serum in patients with RR M S compared to the control group. Furthermore , results of the nucleotide analysis in serum showed that the levels of ADP, AMP and adenosine wer e increased in carries of RR M S , whereas ATP levels were decreased in this group. The results described here suggest that the ch olinesterase activity, biomarkers and purinergic inflammatory are altered in patients with RR M S , suggesting thus an exacerbated inflammatory response. These findings may be useful to extend the therapeutic window for the treatment and monitoring of this di sease.