Concepções sobre os anfíbios entre alunos de anos iniciais: estudo comparativo entre escola urbana e rural

Abstract

Preconceptions play an important role in the teaching and learning processes of students, but teachers must be aware of them in the classroom, as they can both help in the construction of scientific knowledge and act as obstacles in learning, when not appropriate. . One of the topics that deserves concern in teaching refers to the study of conceptions about amphibians, a highly threatened group that, in addition to suffering from the impacts of environmental degradation, suffers prejudice, also due to lack of information, which can contribute to its extermination. Therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the previous conceptions of students in the early years of elementary school in urban and rural schools, about amphibians. The research was developed within a qualitative approach, involving a case study, in two different school realities, one in a rural environment and another in an urban environment, in Palmeira das Missões, RS. 92 students participated in the research, 75 from urban schools and 17 from rural schools. The analysis of the results showed that the group of amphibians is still unknown among the students, being little worked in the classroom. It was found that the stereotyped appearance associated with the real image of frogs is one of the factors that end up causing negative feelings in students. The students' lack of adequate information regarding the group is also noted when 79.3% stated that these animals transmit diseases, which is not true. In addition, it was noted that the removal of children from natural environments, due to living in urban contexts, can result in a lesser knowledge of beings and processes of nature on their part, contributing to the environmental devaluation, making it necessary to use strategies didactics that address the characteristics of amphibians, as well as demystify the negative aspects linked to this group. Knowledge about these animals can lead to a less prejudiced view and thus contribute to their conservation, through the protection of the environments they occupy to live and reproduce.