Desfechos relacionados à saúde da prática do atletismo no envelhecimento

Abstract

The present study aims to verify, in the scientific literature, the impact of performance athletics on the health of aging in middle-aged individuals (≥45 years) to the elderly. The study was carried out through a systematic review, using the databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Bireme and SPORTDiscus. The searches were carried out by 2 reviewers independently using the following terms in English (elderly, older adult, athleticism, athletism, track and field, athletics disciplines, sprinters, jumping, throwing, endurance runner). After the study screening process, we obtained the number of 14 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The outcomes found are related to lower limb and or upper limb power, bone mineral density, muscle-tendon consequences, cardiac and metabolic functions and musculoskeletal disorders. With the research it was possible to verify that athletics has impacts in greater width and depth bone, which helps prevent fractures. Athletics also mitigates the decline in explosive power of the lower limbs, in addition to being effective in maintaining muscle fibers and bone density. However, athletes are at greater risk of hip and knee osteoarthritis and deserve caution regarding the interpretation of cardiac investigations.