Política internacional estadunidense de combate às drogas: um estudo histórico a partir do caso colombiano (1994-2004)

Abstract

In the mid-1970s, high rates of illicit drug consumption in the United States led the then- president, Richard Nixon, to declare drugs the number one enemy of America. This declaration

had an impact on subsequent administrations, including those of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989), George H. W. Bush (1989-1993), Bill Clinton (1993-2001), and George W. Bush (2001-2009). These administrations created measures in an attempt to control the supply of narcotics coming from Latin American countries. This had significant consequences for Latin American countries, as they lacked solid foundations to address all aspects of drug trafficking and its sociais, public health, economic, and, primarily, security-related consequences. From this point, the research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the United States' drug control policy implemented in the Latin American region during the 1990s. The goal is to describe how the relationship between the United States and Latin America was constructed, considering its consolidation as a global and regional hegemony throughout the 20th century. Additionally, the research seeks to understand the development of measures created in a drug control agenda in the region from the Reagan administration to the George W. Bush administration and how it affected the region as a whole.Subsequently, the research aims to analyze meeting documents and action plans from the Summits of the Americas from 1994 to 2002 to understand the framework of a multilateral drug control agenda. Finally, the research intends to conduct a case study on Plan Colombia to investigate the practical results of the U.S. drug control policy.