Fake News, leis e percepções do eleitorado: uma análise da legislação e da incidência de informações falsas nas eleições de 2018 e 2022

Abstract

This study analyzes fake news in the Brazilian elections of 2018 and 2022, focusing on digital strategies and the distinction between rumors and fake news based on intention and social impact. The research addresses the growing influence of the internet and social media, considering the legislative context related to fake news, including the Election Law and the Electoral Code. The study, using documentary research, data from DataSenado and the TSE, examined the interaction between fake news and electoral competition and its influence on electoral processes. The existence of intense political polarization and changes in the political landscape reflect the growing influence of social networks and 'filter bubbles'. Digital transformation, reconfiguring electoral interactions and the dissemination of information as well as disinformation. Fake news emerges as a challenge to democracy, affecting the informed decision-making of voters. Legislative changes aim to balance freedom of expression and electoral integrity. The increase in fake news complaints, as recorded by the TSE, reflects the challenges posed by cyberspace in elections. DataSenado research reveals political polarization in legislation against fake news. In conclusion, the study highlights the significant impact of the evolution of the internet and cyber threats on Brazilian democracy, emphasizing the need for ongoing legislation and digital education to strengthen democracy in the digital age. The research suggests that the balance of the electoral process and democratic resilience depend on the ability to adapt laws and educate the electorate in the digital context.