Análise da estabilidade e dimensionamento para dois tipos de muros de arrimo: Perfil clássico de flexão e com contrafortes

Abstract

The retaining wall is a fundamental structure in geotechnical engineering projects, playing a crucial role in preventing landslides, erosion, and terrain instabilities. The choice of the type of wall to be used directly impacts the efficiency of containment and support for the adjacent soil mass. This study proposed an analysis of stability and the design of two different types of retaining walls, essential in civil engineering projects for soil retention and slope stabilization. These include a classic profile bending wall and a counterfort wall, both made of reinforced concrete, designed for a 4-meter slope in a construction site in Gravataí – RS. The analysis of the walls focused on their respective designs, details, determination of steel and concrete quantities, as well as the analysis of stability against sliding and tipping. To achieve this goal, a survey of bibliographic references and concepts related to the topic was conducted. The verification and design of the walls were performed using an Excel spreadsheet and based on the concepts presented in current bibliographic references and standards for the design of concrete structures and foundations. After determining the dimensions for both walls, stability against tipping, sliding, and foundation load capacity were checked. For the classic profile wall, the values of the Safety Factor were found to be 1.88, 1.79, and 4.16, respectively. For the counterfort wall, the corresponding values were 2.76, 2.27, and 4.30. Thus, it was concluded that all values are within the specified safety limits. Finally, the calculation of reinforcements and subsequent detailing were performed, including a quantitative survey of the materials to be used for each structure. For a length of 1.0m, the classic profile retaining wall had a concrete consumption of 2.0 m³, along with a consumption of 6.3 kg of CA-60 steel and 95.6 kg for CA-50. Similarly, for a length of 3.2m, the counterfort wall had a concrete consumption of 5.3 m³, along with a consumption of 15.6 kg of CA-60 steel and 500.8 kg for CA-50.