Análise da assistência prestada à mulher e ao recém-nascido no processo de parto e nascimento

Abstract

Introduction: The birth of a child is considered a unique moment in the lives of women and their families. Therefore, giving women a leading role during the labor and birth process is essential for a positive experience. The good practices recommended by the World Health Organization are in line with qualified and humanized assistance. Aim: To analyze the assistance to women and newborns during the labor and birth processes. Method: Quantitative, retrospective, and documentary study, carried out with 3547 pregnant women who were cared for at the University Hospital of Santa Maria Obstetric Center. Data were collected and information was recorded in a specific instrument, during 2020 and 2021. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, using relative and absolute frequency analysis of quantitative variables using Chi-square and Fisher's exact association tests. Results: 13% of the women had routine pregnancies and 87% had high-risk pregnancies, of which 43.7% had vaginal deliveries (VD) and 56.3% had cesarean sections. When caring for newborns during Golden Hour, the association of timely clamping of the umbilical cord, breastfeeding, and skin-to-skin contact in the first hour of life were statistically significant factors associated with the mode of delivery (p <0.001), highlighting a greater predominance of practices when the outcome was vaginal delivery. The association between Robson Classification and mode of delivery was statistically significant (p<0.001), and the results met the proposed objectives, avoiding unnecessary cesarean sections. There was a statistically significant association (p<0.05) between the use of non-invasive care technologies in the labor and birth process and the outcome of VD, in the following variables: freedom of position, aromatherapy, and spray bath. Conclusion: Despite being a reference for high-risk pregnancies, good practices are carried out, increasingly recognized, and demonstrated to be effective in the labor and birth process in the studied scenario.