Alienação parental sob a perspectiva do assistente social

Abstract

This Course Completion Work (TCC) aims to understand parental alienation from the perspective of the social worker, highlighting the relevance of Social Service action in this scenario. The analysis was conducted through a reflection on parental alienation, with bibliographical research. To find out what Social Services has published on the topic of parental alienation, four magazines evaluated in the area with Qualis 4 were consulted, between 2010 and 2022. The research period considered the year in which the Brazilian law on the subject was enacted, i.e. , 2010. The search used specific filters, such as “parental alienation” and “social services”. An analysis was also carried out in the Annals of the National Meeting of Social Service Researchers – ENPESS, in the years 2018 and 2022, providing support to understand how Social Service operates in relation to the topic. The choice for research on the topic in the Annals was due to this event being very significant for Brazilian social workers, as it is recognized as the main academic-scientific meeting in the area of Social Work, both nationally and internationally. Law No. 12,318 of 2010 considers parental alienation a violation of the child's rights and seeks to ensure that the child lives well with both parents, whenever possible. The social worker plays an important role in this context, together with the multidisciplinary approach they are able to identify, intervene and prevent these problems, ensuring the child's well-being. Although the term parental alienation is well known, there is little information about the Law, which leaves room for many discussions. Social Service professionals perceive the family as a complex system, where children and adolescents have rights and their opinions must be considered. When dealing with cases of parental alienation, these professionals work to ensure the physical and emotional safety of children and adolescents. Exploring the different aspects of this situation, including signs, impacts and forms of intervention, is fundamental to understanding how social workers intervene when faced with the phenomenon of parental alienation. Therefore, when analyzing the magazines indicated with the “social service” filter, 1,125 publications were identified during the mentioned period. Using the filter “parental alienation”, we found only one publication, involving only one Social Service professional. With the inclusion of the analysis of works published in the Annals, 368 publications were identified with the filter “social service” and with a single article being identified using the filter “parental alienation”, it is from the area of social service. There is a distance in the approach of the professional category in relation to parental alienation beyond the socio-legal area. The question arises as to why the category is not publishing on the topic and the importance of addressing this gap in research and professional literature, from social workers in other areas of their work.