Análise e tratamento de manifestações patológicas em revestimento interno com pasta de gesso: estudo de caso aplicado em edifício residencial na cidade de Santa Maria - RS

Abstract

Interior coatings play a vital role in construction, protecting surfaces and enhancing the aesthetics and comfort of spaces. Among the types of coatings, gypsum plaster stands out for its smooth finish, ease of application, and low cost. However, this type of coating is not free from issues that can compromise the durability and appearance of surfaces. This study investigates possible causes for these pathological manifestations and proposes solutions to mitigate them. The case study focused on a high-end residential building with interior gypsum plaster, where cracks and stains were identified as the most recurring problems. Inspections revealed 255 cases of cracks and 68 of stains. The most common cause of cracks was the presence of pipes or conduits (37.3%), followed by cracks in openings (27.5%). Stains were caused by moisture or corrosion processes originating from the base of the coating. The stains were treated following a single recommended technique. To address the cracks, two distinct recovery systems were used. The treatment process began in March 2024 and followed a logical order, starting from the lower floors and progressing to the upper ones. The treatment prioritized the internal areas of the apartments before the common areas. The manifestations were monitored periodically to verify the effectiveness of the treatments. After the monitoring period, most of the cracks and stains did not reappear, indicating the effectiveness of the techniques employed. The study suggests prolonged monitoring of the building to assess the long-term effectiveness of the recovery systems. Continuous analysis will allow for adjustments in construction practices and the application of repair techniques to other buildings experiencing similar problems.