A influência dos aspectos clínicos do sistema estomatognático e eletromiográficos da região supra-hióidea na fala de adultos jovens

Abstract

Purpose: to verify the influence of clinical aspects of the stomatognathic system and electromyography of the suprahyoid region on speech disorders of musculoskeletal origin in young adults. Method: The evaluated subjects underwent clinical evaluation of the stomatognathic system and electromyographic evaluation of the suprahyoid region. The clinical evaluation included aspects related to the subject's tongue and occlusion, as well as the articulatory aspects of speech. The electromyographic evaluation captured the muscle activity in situations of maximum voluntary contraction and rest of the muscles in the suprahyoid region. Statistical analyzes were performed according to data needs, considering a significance level of 5%. Result: The final sample consisted of 118 individuals of both sexes, 99 (83.89%) women and 19 (16.10%) men. The age of participants ranged from 17.6 to 30.75 years, with a mean age of 23 years (SD 2.55 years). The subjects were divided into two groups: 100 (84.74%) without musculoskeletal speech disorders and 18 (15.26%) with these disorders. Among the types of alteration found, 2 (11.11%) had sigmatism; 8 (44.44%) previous systematic lisp or not; 3 (16.66%) systematic lateral lisp; 10 (55.55%) systematic interdentalization or not; 2 (11.11%) posteriorization of unsystematic liquid. Conclusion: the variables of tonus, mobility, position of the tongue in the oral cavity, mouth opening and occlusion directly influence the articulatory precision of speech sounds. The electromyographic activity in the suprahyoid region, at rest and maximal voluntary contraction seem to have no influence on this accuracy.