Elaboração de um planejamento de obras a longo prazo com aplicação de princípios Lean Construction

Abstract

In recent years, the construction industry has undergone significant transformations. With technological advancements and the advent of Industry 4.0, competitiveness has increased, along with customer demands for higher quality, shorter timelines, and lower costs in construction projects. In this scenario, efficient project planning is essential to ensure these objectives are met. Therefore, this work proposes the development of a construction planning framework based on Lean Construction principles, aiming to reduce waste. To achieve this, a methodology that combines traditional critical path method (PERT/CPM) analysis with Location-Based Management System (LBMs) practices was used. This involved extracting quantities from a 3D BIM model, creating a network diagram with activity sequencing, developing the schedule within MS Project, and the line of balance in Excel. Execution strategies prioritized the continuous flow of services, ensuring work fronts for teams, even if it required adding some buffers. Additionally, efforts were made to balance the physical progress curve to avoid overloading any particular month of the project. As such, this study identified seven main practices in long-term construction planning based on Lean Construction principles. Firstly, grouping smaller tasks into the same work package and prioritizing the execution of similar tasks by the same team reduces non-value-added activities. The takt-time methodology is applied to reduce variability and facilitate productivity control. Long-term planning and the line of balance help focus on controlling the entire process and promote visual management of the project's flow. Ensuring the continuous flow of services and avoiding simultaneous activities in the same location reduces cycle time. Simplifying the process by avoiding excessive subdivisions in the project facilitates control. Finally, through clear and executable planning, monitored and replanned using software like MS Project, continuous improvement is facilitated.