Análise da viabilidade econômica da semeadura da cultura de soja utilizando taxa variável de fertilizante na linha

Abstract

In order to increase their profitability, producers have constantly looked for ways to improve resources usage. The introduction of technologies and Precision Agriculture methods has demonstrated good results in the production costs reduction. With this background this dissertation presents an economic viability analysis comparing the soybeans seeding made with fertilizer fixed rate in the furrow with the soybeans seeding with fertilizer variable rate in the furrow. The main purposes of this study were to check the fixed and variable costs involved since the soybeans seeding until its commercialization, determine the profit gathered in each scenario and finally, calculate the area required to pay the investment associated to the fertilizer variable rate kit acquisition. During the study execution, the seeding and harvesting operations were made with automatic pilot system installed in the tractor and the combine in order to guarantee the parallelism between the repetitions. It was used an area of 10,54 ha in the city of Nova Mutum MT, divided in ten parts, being five to each scenario. With the results analysis, it was concluded that the seeding with fertilizer variable rate had a cost of R$6,29 ha-1 (0,4%) lower than the seeding with fertilizer fixed rate and the profit found on the seeding with fertilizer variable rate was R$101,52 ha-1 (7,2%) higher than the other treatment. The payback for the fertilizer variable rate kit acquisition is gotten after seeding 122 ha, demonstrating its viability in the studied conditions.