Otimização do processo de sacarificação do amido de batata (Solanum Tuberosaum L.) utilizando enzimas amilolíticas

Abstract

The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is important raw material for agro-industrial production of hydrolysates. The lack of information about the process of hydrolysis of potato starch industry hampers the use of regional raw material and promote the use of crops such as maize, cassava and sugarcane to produce ethanol. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum range of the effects of different concentrations of substrate, concentration of enzyme amyloglucosidase (AMG) and reaction times, reduce process time, enzymes and material to be hydrolyzed. This was a central composite experimental design with three independent variables namely: [1] substrate concentration (3-7%) [2] enzyme dosage (0.36 to 1.0 μL.g MS-1) [ 3] time of action of enzymes computed after the addition of AMG in the middle (4 to 48 hours). The α-amylase concentration remained constant at 0.8 μL/g starch. The experiments were conducted in the bioreactor followed by metabolic bath. The dependent variables analyzed were the concentration of reducing sugars (RS) and the efficiency of hydrolysis of starch. The data were processed by Statistica 8.0, to generate predictive models at 95% confidence. The larger fraction of RA was reached in the middle (35.55 g/L), with time (26 hours) and dose of enzyme (0.68 mL) and substrate concentration at the maximum level (7%). The efficiency of hydrolysis (125%) occurred with the minimum ratio of substrate (3%) and enzyme dosage (0.68 mL) and the average time (26 hours). To reduce costs of enzyme (0.36 mL AMG), working with the same concentration of substrate, the model estimated that the hydrolysis for 39 hours was able to release 33.17 g/L of the AR 128, 62% efficiency. The use of different enzyme concentrations showed no significant increase in responses, and the time factor is set lower than recommended by the manufacturer of the enzymes. The concentration of substrate influenced more significantly than other factors, for both dependent variables. The performance presented demonstrates that this process is an efficient alternative to the industry, emerging as an important source this material for the production of hydrolysates.