Análise do potencial produtivo da cana-de-açúcar cultivada na região central do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

In order to verify the productive potential of new varieties of sugar cane for the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, it was installed an experimental area at Polytechnic School of Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. The study began in 2007. We evaluated eleven varieties of sugar cane to check their adaptation in the State s Central Region. Thereunto, morpho-physiological characteristics were evaluated, such as: cane weight, weight of the edges, weight of the culms, base diameter, number of culms, useful culms s height, length of the base culm, length of the tip culm, base ºbrix, edge ºbrix, maturation index, total sample weight, pre-drought mass weight, total residue weight, broth volume, ºbrix, temperature, pH, total production (t/ha) and frost resistance. Cane was used for animal feed, production of molasses, jaggery, brown sugar, alcohol and rum. The bagasse was used as ground covering and in the boiler, and the vinasse was utilized as fertilizer for crops. The experiment was conducted by randomized blocks, with three repetitions of each variety, and area of 56 m² each. Data were submitted to variance analysis via Tukey s test at 5% probability and SAS. The varieties Tucumã (average), IAC 311 (average), SP 701143 (average), Preta Torta (late), Napa 5679 (late), 3X (precocious), and RB 76 5418 (precocious) obtained higher productivity (t/ha) than national average. The varieties Branca Mole (average), Napa 7696 (precocious) and RB 78 5750 (late) higher productivity than State average and the only variety which didn t reach the State s average productivity was the RB 85 1011 (precocious).