Impacto técnico e econômico do uso de microturbinas para geração de energia elétrica em aterros sanitários sobre os sistemas de distribuição

Abstract

The electricity generation in Brazil comes mainly from hydroelectric potential. Despite the importance of these sources, Brasil has several alternatives for electric power generation, such as those derived from biomass. However, the effective use of the potential of biomass is limited by the lack of information. In this context, in which the Brazilian energy matrix has heavy dependence on hydroelectric plants, whose potential disbelieve, it is necessary to take advantage of new alternatives for supplying electricity. In this sense, the objective of this study focuses on analyzing the impact of microturbines connection in the distribution system that generate energy from biogas utilization of landfill, but specifically, the landfill of Santa Maria city (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). Procedures for achieving this purpose consists in estimating the production of biogas in the landfill, model the microturbine and to model of the distribution system. These procedures allow the construction of the power distribution system planning scenarios, for 40 years of biogas in the landfill. After this, is done on a financial analysis of the investment return to the period of 40 years. As a result, there were positive impacts in the distribution system when the distribution generation provided energy to the grid, such as improved voltage profile in each year of simulation (2015-2055) and reduction of technical losses. Furthermore, this study have shown to be viable to different investment scenarios. When they met certain minimum annual adjustments in the price of electricity (kWh) and the price of traded carbon credits.