Geração de renda do componente florestal em sistemas agrossilvipastoris em propriedades familiares do Vale do Jaguari, RS

Abstract

The agroforestry systems offer advantages and improvements to the environment, alternative income for family farmers, providing improvement of the life quality in a more sustainable way. This study aimed to analyze the forestry component in different spatial arrangements of agroforestry systems in relation to economic and financial viability in the region of Vale do Jaguari, RS through the lifting of costs from maintenance and deployment, revenues from the sale of forest products from two different rotations of 10 and 15 years, in addition to a sensitivity analysis of the market price for the two simulations, variation of interest rate and reduction of the final production. Eight agroforestry systems were analyzed, five were implanted with only one tree species (eucalyptus) on each system, and the other three with different tree species (Eucalyptus sp. and Acacia mearnsii). The survey data was conducted in two stages: a questionnaire of the open type to producers for the preparation of the area how was the forest implanted, cultivation and other questions about the property and the second stage was conducted through the forest inventory in the eight-agroforestry systems. The indicators selected for economic and financial analysis were Net Present Value (NPV), Equivalent Annual Value (EAV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), reason Benefit / Cost (B/C) and Production Average Cost (PAC) where the discount rate used was 7.5% per year. The price of wood as a final product for the 10 year rotation was R$ 25.00 per stereo meter, while for the rotation of 15 years was R$ 100.00 per cubic meter, product destined for sawmills. Costs in relation to forest harvesting were not counted because the forest was sold standing. The economic and financial viability in all agroforestry systems was feasible for the rotation of 10 and 15 years, however the greatest financial return was for the rotation of 15 years. As regards the sensitivity analysis, considering the variation of the selling price of the final product and reducing the final production, all simulations performed for both rotations were viable. Regarding the change in interest rate and NPV, the system was viable, remained positive to higher interest rates. This economic and sensitive analysis is very important for family farmers because it generates control and risk prevention making it feel safer to invest in this type of system and end of rotation make a new agroforestry system cycle. In addition, the benefits are not only economic but also generate improvements to the environment through the intensive use of land, most biodiversity in the same area and better acclimatization of the animals present in the system.