Magnetostricção e ruído Barkhausen em aços elétricos de grão não-orientado

Abstract

Non-oriented electrical steels (NO) studied in this work are used in applications that demand isotropy of magnetic properties along the plane of the sheet, which the magnetic field is applied in different angles with respect to the rolling direction (RD). In magnetic materials as the steels, magnetic losses can be separated in two components: low induction losses, B < B(μmax), usually, related to magnetic domains walls motion and high induction losses, B >B(μmax), normally associated to magnetization rotation. However, it is observed experimentally that the high induction losses component represents approximately 50% of total losses of GNO steels and it is not explained in models that consider the only the rotation at this induction level. Therefore, the study of the magnetization process in NO steels is important not only do solve the question raised by the scheme of loss separation proposed, but also to provide a further insight in these steel magnetization mechanisms and, consequently, get a decrease in the magnetic losses and the electric energy consumption. Particularly, the study of Barkhausen noise (BN) and magnetostriction is important, therefore both depend on the magnetic and metallurgical structure of the material. In this way, the study of BN and magnetostriction can assist to explain the magnetization process and the complex losses process in GNO electrical steels along the hysteresis curve when the magnetic field is applied in different direction with respect to RD. In this work, obtained results of FeSi3.2% class E110 NO electrical steels samples produced by ACESITA are presented. The results are discussed in terms of the domain wall motion, magnetization rotation, nucleation and annihilation of domains and evolution of the complex magnetic domain structure present in these steels.