Diagnóstico do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos nos municípios da Quarta Colônia de Imigração Italiana do RS

Abstract

The generation of solid waste has considerably increased due to the society habits for consumption of products, having as main characteristic a short shelf-life. Many Brazilian towns do not have either a management plan or infrastructure for an adequate final disposition of waste, using improper areas as a provisory solution, ending up to be definitive ones, causing a series of environmental problems. The only possibility to eliminate the unbalance between the aspirations of the society and the incipient action of the government in solving such problems, up to now, superficially equated. The following paper aims to contribute with information, data, and discussions on the management of solid waste produced in the towns of Quarta Colônia de Imigração Italiana in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. These are small cities (Dona Francisca, Faxinal do Soturno, Ivorá, Nova Palma, Pinhal Grande, São João do Polêsine e Silveira Martins) with a total population of about 30 thousand inhabitants, mostly rural, being agriculture and cattle the economy basis. The total territory is 1,400 Km² and is located in the central portion of the State. The methodological procedure used was basically bibliographical research, interviews, and visits to the places where waste are treated and dumped. Through results‟ analysis it was possible to consider that in five out of the seven municipalities composing the study area, the management is outsourced, being the service rendered by a specialized company, from the collection to the dumping of domestic and commercial waste. In the towns of Ivorá and Silveira Martins, the management is made by the city administration, where the procedures are not standardized by the rules and environmental law, being its monitoring bad or inexistent. Concerning the waste of health service, generated in hospitals and health care institutions, the services of external collection to the final dumping are in charge of the company RTM Ambiental, in the seven cities. The internal dealing of the waste is made by the administration of the hospital, which in despite of not generating a great amount of rubbish, are not in accordance with the current rules. The paper points out a necessity that city administration, with basis on the State Environmental Regulation and the specific ruling, set a Management Plan aiming to find viable and environmental adequate solutions for the management of solid waste, like the establishment of intercity renders. Besides, technical qualification is fundamental, as well as the monitoring of used procedures in the management of waste in the towns, avoiding environmental problems from wrong management. The matter of solid waste requires political responsibility and concrete actions to face the problem.