As alternativas da agricultura familiar como estratégia de manutenção e permanência no espaço rural do município de Tabapuã, SP nas sucessivas expansões de monoculturas de café, laranja e cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

This paper aims to recognize the strategies of family farmers face to expansion of monoculture coffee, orange and sugarcane in rural areas of the municipality of Tabapuã, Sao Paulo. For this we carried out a research on different methodological steps: first, there was the literature; in another, collected secondary data (IBGE, Fundação Seade, Casa da Agricultura, Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais e Biblioteca Municipal); and finally, there was the field work, striving to carry out structured interviews with research subjects. Please note that the intense production of farmers triggered processes of organization / reorganization of socio-territorial unit, resulting in this space, the dismantling and reduction of family farming. The expansion of monoculture plantations for export resulted in effects in the field of this municipality. Regarding the coffee monoculture, it emphasizes the sharecropping. At another point was the hiring of temporary workers (bóias-frias) for the harvest of orange, resulting socioeconomic impacts. Finally, the replacement key cultures occurred and even the area for coffee and orange due to expansion from cane sugar. With respect to impacts occurring to family farming, points up the difficulty of maintaining this activity against the obstacles imposed by the expansion of cash crops of interest in the international market. Therefore, there was the impact from expansion of monocultures in the analyzed period, as well as family farming, which is unassisted by the municipal government. Moreover, there was a lack of guidance these farmers across the work of the state to the development of this activity, which, in turn, is characterized as fundamental supplying basic and essential food for the Brazilian population.