Análise da reflectância espectral de amostras do solo e sua relação com modelos digitais de fertilidade: estudo de caso em agricultura de precisão

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the spectral reflectance of samples of soil, and establish its relationship with digital models of chemical attributes, in the development of digital models of the soil (maps of fertility and spectral reflectance of the sample), used in management of crops where there is applicability of Precision Agriculture. The tool used was the software system agricultural CR - Campeiro 6. As experimental area used to be a gleba of 26.24 hectares belonging to the Polytechnic College of the Federal University of Santa Maria. For preparation of the data was assembled a grid sampling of the area with grid of 1 hectare (100 metres x 100 metres), totaling 24 points sample, these samples were submitted to expectrorradiômetro and soon after sent to the laboratory analysis of the Federal University of Solos Santa Maria. In the processing of the data were generated digital models of samples from the spectral reflectance, in the bands of blue 450 to 520nm, 590nm the Green 520, Red 630 to 690nm, 900nm Infrared Near the 760, the 1550 Middle Infrared 1750nm, the 2080 Middle Infrared 2350nm, Pancromático 450 to 900nm, and analysis of fertility of Clay, pH, Phosphorus, Potassium, organic matter, Calcium, Magnesium, CTC Ph7, Saturation, databases, Saturation Aluminum, Zinc, Copper, Sulphur and Boro. The software system agricultural CR - Campeiro 6, oportunizou verify the existence of the relationship between the models of digital spectrum and the digital models for analysis of soil, making the intersection of values of each spectral band, with the values of the analysis, where the correlations appear in the bands of blue with copper, phosphorus and zinc, with copper in Green, with the Red Zinc, the Near Infrared with the copper in the Middle Infrared 1550 to 1750 with boron and zinc as in Infrared Middle 2080 to 2350 with Boro and Pancromático with Magnesium.