Modelagem da elevação do terreno com altimetria convencional e GPS

Abstract

The Global Positioning System has all heights referred to the ellipsoid. However, for engineering applications it is necessary to have heights related to the earth gravitational field, which have physical meaning. In order to determine the orthometric height from the geoidal height, which is given at the GPS, it is necessary to know the geoidal undulation. The objective of this paper is to compare an empiric model of local geoidal undulation with a native model present in handheld GPS model GARMIN 12XL and the software call MAPGEO2004 IBGE. A test poligonal had been seted up in the campus of Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), in Santiago, RS. The poligonal was leveled and all the poligonal vertices had their orthometric heights determinated. The model for geoidal undulation present in the GARMIN receivers was accessed by a software developed by Geomatics Laboratory at UFSM. Using this program, all geoidal undulations were recorded for each surveyed point. Geoidal undulation with MAPGEO2004 have been obtained from the points geographic coordinates as inputs to the program. Empiric models were developed for the local geoidal undulation, which were compared to the GARMIN 12XL and MAGEO2004 models. The results analyses were conducted with a linear regression between all the three models and the traditional leveling. The results indicate a high correlation has been observed between the empirical model for geoidal undulation and the MAPGEO2004 program. However, there has been no adjust between orthometrics heights of the empirical model and those determined by the handheld receiver