Vulnerabilidade natural do Sistema Aqüífero Guarani, em Santana do Livramento, RS, com uso de geotecnologias

Abstract

The risk of contamination of the aquifers systems has been reason of concern in the scientific way. Several researches developed in the whole world have been showing that the underground hydrics resources are being reached by potentially pollutants sources, proceeding mainly of products used in the industry, in the agriculture and in the disposition of the urban residues and/or produced in the rural area. In this sense, this research had as objective maps the natural vulnerability of the Guarani Aquifer System in at Santana do Livramento city in Rio Grande do Sul state and to identify potential sources of contamination, due the exploited waters of this aquifer be used mainly, for human consumption. For so much, it was used pre-existent data for the execution of the field research and of geotecnologics. The methodology used for the mapping of the natural vulnerability was the DRASTIC Model. The registered sources of contamination were the gas stations, cemeteries and the old garbage deposit. It were mapped three cemeteries, one old garbage deposit, as well as twenty-two gas stations, all located in areas of recharge of the Guarani Aquifer System, represented risk of contamination. As verified more relevant result can stand out that the vulnerability classes of the area varied of vulnerable, very vulnerable and extremely vulnerable. This way, the importance of the administration of the underground hydrics resources is evidenced in the studied area, it is waited that the information obtained and the applied methodologies in this work can subsidize actions addressed to the integrated administration of the hydrics resources, as well as in the occupation plans and use of the soils, in agreement with foreseen in the Statute of the Cities and in the Master Plans.