Diferentes vozes, diferentes olhares: representações para as mulheres na perspectiva sistêmico-funcional nos evangelhos

Abstract

The Bible is the most translated book in the world. Such popularity and importance conquered by the Bible became perennial, making the stories told in its books perpetuate on social relations, interact with its readers and even guide them in the way of acting and/or thinking in relation to the values of life, to things and people. From this point and considering that language, besides having the socialization function, allows representing the world, ourselves and others, this study presents the analysis of 21 texts that make up the four Gospels of the New Testament. The language of these texts is studied in order to highlight representations for women by the transitivity system and the attitude subsystem. Therefore, the fundamental theoretical assumptions used are the notion of genre and register by Martin and Rose (2012), the concept of contextual variables by Halliday (1989), the lexico-grammatical categories of the transitivity system of Systemic Functional Grammar by Halliday and Matthiessen (2004), the semantic categories of Appraisal System by Martin and White (2005). The results show that concerning gender the Gospels can be considered biographical accounts, since they are testimonies of episodes from the life of Jesus Christ in the first century. In relation to the contextual variables, the analysis showed similarities and differences with regard to social situations of production of the Gospels in the context of each author. With regard to the linguistic analysis, the lexico-grammatical functions and the affectionand judgment marks point to eight representations for women. In the voices of the Pharisees, scribes, Sadducees and Evangelists, women are represented as properties, sinful, adulterous and discriminated. In the voices of the Evangelists and Jesus Christ, we noticed representations of them as partners, humble, devoted and courageous women.