Isolamento a ruído de impacto de laje pré-fabricada nervurada composta de vigotas protendidas e lajotas cerâmicas com revestimento cerâmico

Abstract

Impact noise is one of the main discomfort factors among users of multi-floor buildings and is directly related to the construction system and materials used in building construction. A problem that can be solved still in the design phase, when designating the type of construction system and the materials used. Therefore, it is necessary to know the acoustic characteristics of the construction typologies, analyzing their performance in relation to the minimum requirements listed by the norm 15575-3: 2013. In this way, this research seeks to deepen the knowledge about the acoustic performance of the pre-fabricated ribbed slab composed of prestressed joist and ceramic block with ceramic coating, as well as, to test the use of the floating floor technique, using several resilient materials found in the market. Thus, the objectives are: to determine the acoustic properties of impact noise isolation in the -fabricated ribbed slab composed of prestressed joist and ceramic block in various conditions; to evaluate the performance of the technique in floating floor over the slab, with the use of different resilient materials; compare the results of the performances obtained for the various compositions; and ponder the results achieved with the performance standard. The tests carried out in the UFSM laboratory, in accordance with parameters of ISO 140-7 updated to ISO 16283-2: 2018, and ISO 717-2: 2013, to determine the weighted standard impact sound pressure level (L'nT,w) of each composition tested, and verify that the results obtained meet the minimum values required by the standard. It can be concluded that the constructive typology of pre-fabricated ribbed slab composed of prestressed joist and ceramic block, with 4 cm subfloor and ceramic coating, requires acoustic treatment in order to fit Brazilian standards. The use of the technique on floating floor is a good solution, since the great majority of compositions with resilient materials, are at the intermediate level between 56 and 65 dB, with a sample reaching the minimum level with L'nT,w of 66 dB, and two samples at the upper level ≤ 55 dB. Therefore, all the floating floor systems tested can be used among the construction system, meeting the requirements of the Brazilian standard for flooring system separating autonomous housing units. As for the floor systems criterion separating areas of collective use on autonomous units, only two floating floor systems reached the minimum level required by the standard between 51 dB and 55 dB: the system if glass wool 15 mm with L'nT,w of 55 dB and the system if PET wool 10 mm with L'nT,w of 55 dB. The information obtained from this research, both for the construction system and for the floating floor solution with resilient materials, can be adopted as support for recommendations and interventions in civil construction, improving the life quality of building users.