Influência da espiritualidade e satisfação no trabalho sobre os comportamentos de cidadania organizacional: estudo com trabalhadores de uma prefeitura do Centro Oeste do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The present study aimed to analyze the influence of Spirituality (WS) and Satisfaction (JB) in the Workplace on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) from the perspective of public sector workers working in a city hall in the Midwest region of Rio Grande. In this sense, a quantitative descriptive research was carried out, operationalized by means of a survey. Data were obtained through a questionnaire and analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation and Multiple Regression. The results revealed the existence of OCBs in the city hall, with the dimensions "Voice" and "Help" being the most practiced by workers. With regard to WS, the existence of the construct in the work environment is revealed, with the dimension “Work as a life purpose” being the most perceived by workers. With regard to satisfaction, workers are more satisfied with the relationship between the boss and coworkers. It was also found a median degree of satisfaction with salary, promotions and collaborations at work. Through Pearson's Correlation analysis, it was identified that the “Civic virtue” dimension of the OCB, has a positive relationship with the “Sense of community” dimension of the WS. The “Civic Virtue” dimension of the OCB also has a positive relationship with the “Satisfaction with promotions and collaboration” dimension. Finally, the WS dimension “Work as a life purpose” is positively related to the JS dimension “Satisfaction with colleagues and the nature of work”. Which reveals a positive relationship between constructs in the public sector. For the analysis of influence, Multiple Regression revealed a positive influence of WS and JS on OCBs, that is, the more public sector workers experience their spirituality and have good levels of satisfaction, the more they become involved in citizenship behaviors. These findings show how the constructs behave in the public sector and provide evidence for an identified gap regarding the interaction between these themes in the public sphere. This study can contribute to strengthen the theory about spirituality, satisfaction and orgnaizational citizenship behaviors in a different reality than what has already been approached in other researches. In a practical way, this study can provide an overview of how city hall workers behave and, through the results, strategies to improve worker satisfaction can be triggered, whose dimension had the lowest averages. As this is an unprecedented study, this research advances in the literature as it presents results in a public context and in the middle of a pandemic (COVID-19), which also suggests an innovative study that brings contributions to science and to the field of Management. Thus, the main empirical contribution of this study was the observation of Spirituality and Satisfaction in the Workplace as antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in the public sector.