Internações por dengue clássica e dengue hemorrágica no Brasil no período de 2017 a 2021

Abstract

Dengue is an arbovirus transmitted by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. This study aims to analyze the temporal trend of hospitalizations for Classical Dengue and Hemorrhagic Dengue in Brazil from 2017 to 2021. To achieve the proposed objective, a descriptive quantitative research was carried out using data obtained through the DATASUS system (Department of of Informatics of the Unified Health System). The number of hospitalizations was presented under a descriptive frequency and the population characteristic was stratified by the variables: number of hospitalizations by sex, color/race, geographic distribution of cases, number of hospitalizations per year and mortality rates. The analysis was simple descriptive, under prevalence (relative frequency) and absolute frequency stratified by year analyzed. After analyzing the data, it can be affirmed that in the researched period, 142,660 hospitalizations for Dengue were registered in Brazil. In 2019, the highest rates were recorded, totaling 55,833 cases, with 92.99% of Classical Dengue and 7.01% of Hemorrhagic Dengue. As for sociodemographic characteristics, there is a growing increase in the number of hospitalizations in female patients, 52.04%, while the most declared color was brown with 62,571 (43.87%) of the patients. The Southeast Region had the highest number of hospitalizations for Classical Dengue, 43,028 cases, while the Midwest Region recorded a greater number of hospitalizations for Dengue Hemorrhagic, 3,169 hospitalizations. Regarding mortality rates in 2019, there was a high in the number of deaths, totaling 457 cases. It is noteworthy that the number of hospitalizations is not falling as expected, which corroborates the need for greater investment in the application of public policies aimed at the area, as well as the collaboration of society in the elimination of breeding sites vector.