Terapia antirretroviral de adultos infectados pelo HIV: do suporte social à expectativa de autoeficácia

Abstract

Objective: evaluate the association between self-efficacy and social support from adults (> 20 years) with HIV infection. Methods: cross-sectional design, performed at the University Hospital of Santa Maria, with adults on ART for HIV. For data collection instrument was used which included: sociodemographic and economic questionnaire, the scale of self-efficacy expectations to antiretroviral treatment and scale for assessing social support in HIV/AIDS. To analyze the data we used simple frequency, chi-square and Pearson correlation. Significance level equal to or lower than 5% was considered values, using the statistical package SPSS version 21.0. Results: The association between emotional social support and self-efficacy was observed in the population aged 35-39 years (p <0.01), 1 full grade (p <0.01), shorter for diagnosis or equal to 5 years ( p <0.01), treatment time of less than or equal to 5 years (p = 0.03) and knowledge about the infection at work (p <0.01). The instrumental social support and self-efficacy in people with incomplete higher education (p <0.01). The total social support and self-efficacy was significant in the population aged 35-39 years (p = 0.03) and primary school (p = 0.02). To be analyzed the total population social support was associated with self-efficacy (p = 0.05). Conclusion: social support should be encouraged, especially from family and spouse residing with the patient, because these serve as a protective barrier for maintaining high levels of self-efficacy, to reduce problems related to adherence to treatment with consequent improvement the adhesion and survival.