Avaliação da legislação de boas práticas de manipulação de alimentos pela vigilância sanitária municipal na cidade de Cachoeira do Sul/ RS

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to analyze de acting conditions of the Sanitary Vigilance, in Cachoeira do Sul, RS, referring to the Good Food Manipulation Practices established by the ANVISA Resolution n. 216/2004 and define a monitoring instrument in the maintenance of the sanitary conditions of the evolved establishments. The establishments were selected according to the permit solicitation protocol in the period of January 2006 and October 2007. 331 food services were evaluated, food preparation area of 13 schools of the municipality, 7 local agriculture industries and 1 honey warehouse. The data analysis included the conditions in which the work of the sanitary vigilance is done, the criteria adopted in the license liberation, and the cadastre situation of the food establishments in the municipality. In the inspection, the attendance to the Verification List of the Good Food Practices, the qualification of the people responsible for the establishments in Good Practices of Fabrication/Manipulation of Food and the control instrument of the Sanitary Vigilance to enforce the legislation were evaluated. The inexistence of cadastre of establishments in the Sanitary Vigilance was verified. There is only a general and not updated cadastre in the municipality. The liberation of the first permit is conditioned to the previous inspection; the renewal is issued annually without previous inspection. Among the visited establishments, 100% are not qualified and justify it in face of the difficulty in the access to the courses. In the inspections realized, 73.6% (159) were to done in order to render the liberation of the Sanitary Permit, mainly in the (small) markets. There was significant reduction of irregular establishments, being 41 processes not granted in 2006 and 16 in 2007. The number of infractions was also reduced to 67 and 14 respectively. In 2006 there was no qualification in the municipality. After 2007, with the homologation of the courses by the State, the establishments had access to the formation. 92.3% were irregular, among which, one in the rural area was disqualified. The procedures in relation to the handlers, insect and rodent control, and, sanitary and checkrooms were classified below the general average, contributing negatively to the school evaluation, being these procedures identified as the critical control points that require more attention of the managers. The food manipulation area as well as the acquisition, reception and storage of products, due to the sanitary conditions, contributed positively to the classification of the schools. Cold equipment, trash and water control were satisfactory. In relation to the water, 32% of the samples collected were inappropriate to the human consummation, being 89.3% in the rural area. The critical points identified were: lack of vigilance structure, high rotation of employees, lack of health programs to the handlers, start of activities without sanitary permit, problems with the food temperature and, difficulty in the elaboration of the Manual of Good Practices. The evaluation of Good Practices occurred with the elaboration of a specific ruling through notification edicts changing the liberation process of all permits after January 2008. We concluded that the cadastre situation of the establishments does not exist, which demands intensive actions by VISA with inspections to all existing establishments in order to overcome the failures in the food manipulation, reduce infractions, rendering special attention to the ready-to-eat (RTE) food commerce and the water quality in the rural area.