Análise de sobrevida de crianças com até um ano nascidas no Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for infant mortality among those born in the year 2012 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. With methodological characteristics of longitudinal studies, we follow the information of children live births in 2012, through information available in the databases of mortality systems (SIM) and live births (SINASC). Statistical analysis was organized from the application of survival analysis techniques, using the Kaplan-Meier test, Log-rank and Cox regression model to determine the proportional hazard coefficients of the variables. The largest crude relative risks were found in variable weight (in the category up to 1,499 RR: 105.37 and p <0.01) and Apgar score at 5 minutes (category values less than 7 RR: 57.66 and p- value> 0.01) in the adjusted model the variables weight (500g to 1499g category RR: 13.8; p <0.01), gestational weeks (less than 37 weeks RR: 1.58; p-value <0.01) anomaly (RR: 9.08 and p <0.01) had higher risks, since the mother's occupation (work out RR: 0.87 and p-value <0.01) was as one protective factor. The high risk found for some variables point to the shortcomings of government actions. Although there is not much possibility of direct action on variables such as the Apgar, the results of variables such as weight, gestational age and size relative to gestational age may be related to the availability and quality of care systems.