Avaliação da trombocitopenia em cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da UFSM

Abstract

Thrombocytopenia is a major change in the routine laboratory, being considered a hemostatic disorder common in clinical small animal. It is reported in this paper the importance of platelets, its structure, formation, quantitative evaluation laboratory and main causes of thrombocytopenia. With the aim of increasing knowledge about the epidemiology and laboratory findings of thrombocytopenia, we performed a retrospective study of 269 dogs examined at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria (HVU-UFSM), from October 2012 to February in 2013. The dogs were classified according to the etiology of thrombocytopenia in: mixed group (GM), infectious group (GI), immune-mediated group (GIM) and malignant group (GN), which revealed the following proportional rates: 0.75% causes immune-mediated, 20.07% associated with malignancies, with 17.10% and 62.08% infectious causes of mixed origin. Dogs with ITP platelets obtained intensely low (average 45.000/μL) compared to the other groups. The mongrel dogs (SRD) and up to one year old were those who had more thrombocytopenia in the survey period. Among the laboratory findings, there was no statistical difference regarding the presence of anemia and leukocytosis, but no difference between platelet indices such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution level (PDW) and plaquetócrito (PCT) between both groups. With this study it is concluded that thrombocytopenia is a potentially important diagnostic finding in several groups of diseases in dogs.