Características de neonatos com síndrome do desconforto respiratório admitidos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva da região central do RS

Abstract

The neonatal period is considered more vulnerable to survival comprising the first 28 days of life. Respiratory changes in neonates in the neonatal period may be a symptom of several pathologies. In view of the pulmonary affections of the newborn, Respiratory Distress Syndrome is the most prevalent in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The objective to the present study was to analyze the characteristics of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. A retrospective study was carried out between April and May 2017, over the analysis of records of neonates with gestational age above 37 weeks, both genders, hospitalized in 2016 at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital of Santa Maria, Brazil, with ICD 10 P22 - Respiratory distress syndrome of newborn. The sample comprised 40 birth records (25 were male), divided into vaginal (n=11) and cesarean (n=29), representing 27.5% and 72.5%, respectively, of total hospitalizations. The overall mean maternal age was 27±, with an average of 7±5 prenatal visits. During the hospitalization period, 65% (26) of the 40 neonates required oxygen therapy. We conclude that SDR accounts for 11% of online admissions in the NICU, in the year 2016. The cesarean section, when added to the absence of labor and gestational age below 39 weeks, is a contract with SDR.