Análise de viabilidade econômica de implantação de um sistema de geração de energia elétrica através de painéis fotovoltaicos em sítio aeroportuário

Abstract

Due to the population growth and the increasing of the natural resources consumption worldwide, there is a necessity to discuss energy issues and to invest in renewable sources solutions. Brazilian airports are energy-intensive facilities that present vast territorial dimensions with areas without major obstacles. The aim of the present work was to analyze the implementation viability of an electric power generation system by photovoltaic panels distributed in a determined area of an airport. Thus, a review on the basic concepts and researches related to the proposed theme has been performed. In addition, the available technologies have been evaluated, aiming to analyze the best configuration of a solar energy generation system in a way that the electric energy expenses could be reduced, hence, contributing to the sustainability at such facilities. Macaé Airport was the selected facility to this analysis and its three consuming unities have been evaluated, as such unities allow the installation of an electricity generation system using photovoltaic panels. As a result, the installation of 2515, 850 and 279 photovoltaic panels has been proposed, with a power value of 140 Wp each, totalizing 510 kWp. The analysis results showed a reduction of 100% in the electricity consumption from the power distribution company when compared to the average consumption of electric energy history at the consumer units. The investment cost of all the systems has been amounted to R$3.436.604,97. The investment payback time calculated for two of the consumer units has been of about 14 years after the installation, and for the other consumer unit it is about 7 years. At the end of this study, it was concluded that this alternative system which fully meets the energy demands is economically viable.