Apneia obstrutiva do sono efeitos agudos da CPAP sobre variáveis polissonográficas

Abstract

The obstructive sleep apnea is a condition that has a high prevalence in adults and children. It brings neurocognitive and corporal consequences, changes the quality of life, subjective health status and quality of sleep, increasing the rate of morbimortality of patients. This paper aimed to evaluate the acute effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), in just one night of use, on polysomnographic variables in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The paper deals with a series of cases, with a total of 31 patients (55.8 + 11.4 years; 22 mens), diagnosed with OSA and in the initial phase of treatment with CPAP Sleep Institute in Santa Maria / RS. The subjects were evaluated by polysomnography with and without CPAP (10.2 + 3.1 cmH20), on different days, using the following variables: sleep stages 1, 2 and 3 (ST1, ST2 and ST3), REM sleep, index apnea and hypopnea (AHI) AHI in REM (IAHREM) and index of micro-awekenings (IMO). During the evaluation with the use of CPAP, there was a decrease in ST2 (p <0.001), an increase in ST3 (p = 0.006) and an increase in REM sleep (P <0.001). There was a reduction in AHI (p <0.001), IAHREM (p <0.001) and IMO (p = 0.001). This study has demonstrated that CPAP, right on its first night of use, promotes a greater balance between phases and improves the quality of sleep in patients with OSA. Patients and their families must be informed of these results in order to stimulate greater adherence in the initial phase of the treatment with CPAP.