As sombras das matas e os campos da Serra Geral: aspectos sócio-econômicos do escravismo na segunda metade do século XIX

Abstract

This work intends to discuss and to analyze some economical and social aspects of the slavery in the central area of Rio Grande do Sul, during the second half of the century XIX, above all in the vicinity of the municipal districts of Waterfall and Júlio of Castilhos, that came to constitute some municipal districts of Fourth Cologne of Italian Immigration. For this study we used as sources: inventories post-mortem, parochial registrations of earth, civil and criminal processes, and still the analysis and interpretation of the different approaches on the theme found in bibliographical references. Recent studies on the slavery in Rio Grande do Sul have been focusing economical and social aspects, in rural and urban areas, demystifying the idea that the slavery, except the context charqueador, out small and the suave resistance forms. In this sense, the work that we accomplished it comes to contribute with these new studies, because through the analysis of the documents that we identified, he/she became possible to demonstrate that the slave work was present in all of the properties (small, averages and big) distributed in mixed activities, livestock and agriculture, whose agrarian universe considered in certain way rich, in function of the extension of the lands, of the number of animals and of the number of prisoners inventoried in these proprietors' goods. Besides these aspects, we evidenced although the prisoners demonstrated several resistance forms, in the rural way and in the urban way, and besides, we revealed that there was the contact of prisoners with the Italian immigrants that came settling in the area, aspect until then neglectful in the studies about immigration in the area.