Síndrome congênita do Zika Vírus e a pobreza multidimensional das mães paraibanas: uma análise comparativa a partir da aplicação do método Alkire-Foster

Abstract

The conceptualization and measurement of poverty pervades by large and complex discussions, which was previously limited to the character of material possessions of individuals and measure, in one-dimensional character, by per capita income of individuals today is treated as multidimensional, considering various aspects for the maintenance of a dignified life The approach of the capabilities of the Indian economist AmartyaSen explores the various dimensions of human development by contributing to the concept that poverty encompasses various human capabilities have and lead a good life, encompassing dimensions such as education, income, employment, health and freedoms. The themes related to health and poverty has been gaining space in recent years, mainly due to maintenance and emergence of diseases linked to poverty, common to the developing countries. In Brazil since 2014 a centuries known vector, the Aedesaegypti known for dengue, started to transmit new diseases in national territory, among them the Zika fever, having as consequences of their infection Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS), a condition that affects thousands of children with neurological deficiencies, such as the microcephaly. Even having managed to eradicate twice by the mosquito of the national territory, since the decade of 1970 the country could no longer in order to vector, abandoning once the actions for the eradication in 2004, going to spend monetary values only for the treatment of diseases. The mosquito and their diseases are affecting in particular the poorest, especially those who do not have access to basic sanitation and running water, as is the case of the Northeast, where outbreaks of shrimp farms are concentrated in improvised water tanks in the dry period. Not coincidentally, is in the Northeast that concentrate the majority of the cases of CZS, having the Paraíba 196 of the total number of cases. The most affected by the CZS, in addition to the children are their mothers, who exercise the integral care. This work was measured by the method Alkire-Foster poverty indicators, as the incidence (H), the gap (A) and the incidence of poverty set 𝑀₀ to two groups of mothers of Paraíba residents who had had their children in 2015, the Group 1 for mothers of children with CZS, and the Group 2 of mothers of children without CZS. Based on the assumption that the Group 1 would have a greater incidence of poverty, and a higher value of deprivation in particular indicators related to health and sanitary conditions. The hypothesis was confirmed in part, since although the Group 1 submit (H) increased, the Group 2 presented a value of (A) higher, indicating a value of highest deprivation in the indicators used. Indicating that despite not having been affected, the Group 2 becomes vulnerable to the possible consequences of the lack of infrastructure for water supply and sanitation procedures, these being the key factors of the condition of poverty from Group 1.