Identificação e levantamento da presença dos dispositivos de iluminação e sinalização para tráfego, em tratores agrícolas

Abstract

This study aims to identify and assess the presence of traffic lighting and signaling devices on new agricultural tractors to verify the level of compliance presented by the manufacturers. For this purpose, the Brazilian Traffic Code (2014), NR12 (2010) and NR31 (2013) were used as parameters to determine the mandatory items and ISO 16154 (2005) in the applicable technical requirements. The research was carried out through technical visits to the agricultural machinery dealers at Rio Grande do Sul state, through a sampling of 50 agricultural tractors, manufactured in 2017, which represents 21% of the total models available in the country. The photographic record, the visual inspection, the drive and the measurement were used to check compliance with the determined parameters. The obtained data were tabulated and the information about each evaluated model comprised the lighting and signaling coefficient for traffic (CIST), which allowed the comparison between tractor models by power range and by brand. The main results did not indicate the total compliance of the new agricultural tractors with the CONTRAN Resolution No. 454 (2013), NR12 (2010) and NR31 (2013). The mean CIST was 0.847 and the items that contributed to the low values were the lateral retroreflector, the reverse light, the front position light, the rear retroreflector and the rear position light. In addition, they demonstrate that standardization is not followed in relation to meeting the technical standards, both between the models of the same manufacturer and between the power ranges. The average adherence to ISO 16154 (2005) was 85%. It was also concluded, under the conditions that the evaluations were performed, that the power range II presented the highest CIST average with best homogeneity among the models analyzed and the brand E offers a higher proportion of models with a very high and high classification, standing out in relation to the others. Finally, the CIST calculation method proved to be efficient in assessing the conformity of traffic lighting and signaling devices to agricultural tractors.