Bloqueio bilateral ecoguiado do plano transverso abdominal para laparotomia exploratória em canino – relato de caso

Abstract

Transversus abdominis Plane Block (Block TAP) is a regional anesthetic block technique recently developed for abdominal surgery, which has gained popularity in human medicine in the past decade. In veterinary medicine reports are scarce and was first applied in 2010 in a Canadian lynx by Schroeder et. al. To the present day have been reported two other experiences in 2011, also published by Schroeder et al., and finally in 2014 in Italy, Portela et. al. performed a retrospective study of the use of TAP Block for mastectomy surgery. The technique consists of viewing through the muscle layers that make up the abdomen ultrasound for local anesthetic injection between the fascia of the transverse muscle of the abdomen and internal abdominal oblique. This case refers to ecoguiada application of anesthetic block with bupivacaine in a male dog Cocker Spaniel breed for exploratory laparotomy surgery. During surgery were measured parameters such as hemoglobin saturation of oxygen (SpO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by invasive method and PAS by vascular Doppler. They were also observed the End-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) and body temperature. Parameters remained stable until the beginning of manipulation of the tumor mass, which denotes the main feature of TAP Block, which affects only the skin, muscles and peritoneum, and ineffective for visceral analgesia. Throughout the day the animal's pain was evaluated by three experienced evaluators, using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Glasgow scale. There was no need analgesic rescue over 6 hours after blockade. The technique was adequate for carrying out the exploratory laparotomy surgery since associated with systemic analgesics, helping thereby to reduce the dose of the same and can be included as another method of multimodal anesthesia. However, further studies on the technique for safe doses adequate analgesia and use of other local anesthetics are needed.