Análise espacial do uso e cobertura do solo na microbacia do Arroio Felisberto, região da Quarta Colônia, RS

Abstract

This report aimed to analyze the soil use of Arroio Felisberto’s watershed, RS, utilizing data generated by medium resolution sensor images, coming from Remote Sensing and integrated into the Geographical Information Systems – GIS, which enables local spatial analysis and the production of thematic maps substantial to the analysis. Therefore, pre-existing data and computer techniques were applied in the following situations: the development of base and thematic maps (watershed network, descending slope classes, permament preservation areas and areas of conflict) was possible through the ArcGis-ArcInfo application; to obtain the digital classification of the CBERS 2B satellite images, the Spring application was utilized, executed in supervisioned mode with Bhattacharya classifier. Within the main results, the predominance of soil coverage by the agricultural class stands out, representing 47,50% (3.836,1097 ha) of the area and forest coverage, representing 39,34%. The quantification of the APP completes a total of 10,14% (819,2758 ha) of the watershed area. From the environmental conflict data, it is proven that 62,22% of APP are situated in natural forest areas; 32,17% are conflicting with the agricultural class and 5,61% with the countryside class. The undue occupation of less than 40% of APP areas, shows that the field of study presents a low level environmental conflict of soil use. The application of Remote Sensing techniques integrated in GIS was shown efficient for the purpose of this report, establishing a fundamental tool for the planning of soil use in a watershed.