Análise da eficácia da atenção primária à saúde no Município de Santa Maria - RS por meio de indicador de Internações

Abstract

Primary Health Care (PHC) is the first level of health care and a first contact with the Unified Health System (SUS). Therefore, it is essential that their services are effective and of quality, so that they do not compromise the hierarchy of SUS. Ambulatory Care Sensitive Hospitalizations (ACSH) have been defined in order to be used as indicators of PHC quality. These conditions are health problems whose morbidity and mortality can be reduced through timely and effective primary care. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the efficacy of SUS in PHC, from 2013 to 2017, in the municipality of Santa Maria, in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, considering the ACSH. The period was defined as being related to the implementation of the Municipal Health Plan 2013-1017 of the municipality. The study is characterized as ecological. The data were extracted from the Hospital Information System (SIH) of the Information and Informatics Department of SUS (DATASUS). The variables analyzed were: year, sex, age group, administrative region of residence of the internee, as well as monthly rates and proportions of ICSAP. The analyzes were descriptive, inferential and associative statistics. As results, it was verified that ICSAP accounted for approximately 16% of all hospitalizations occurred in the period. There is a significant trend towards a reduction in the proportion of ACSH from 2013 to 2017, demonstrating an efficacy of PHC in the municipality. The most predominant causes of hospitalizations were bacterial pneumonia, followed by cerebrovascular diseases, heart failure and lung diseases. Also, significant associations between the causes of admissions with all the variables considered were diagnosed. It is hoped that the results obtained in the present study will serve as an aid in the planning, execution, monitoring, evaluation and replanning of PHC health actions and services in the municipality.