A distribuição espacial do uso da terra em função da declividade, no município de Silveira Martins/RS

Abstract

The mapping of the earth use of a region is important for the comprehension of space and its transformations; beyond of solving the problems resulting from the habit of development at random, in an uncontrolled way, causing soil and agricultural earth destruction. The planning becomes important in the economical development of the town to the restructure of devastated areas, as well as the preservation, through studies that show the environment conditions. The general objective of this work consists in analyzing the use of land, through the map creation; and as specific objective to evaluate the spatial distribution of earth use with the application of techniques by satellite imaging. In the methodology a bibliographic review was done, a basemap was elaborated, the maps of declivity, hypsometric and the earth use, using the cartographic and remote censoring techniques, where the instrument SPRING 4.2, generating georeferential cartographic products. The city of Silveira Martins is characterized by the predominance of small rural properties originated from the land occupation model of the time, when the immigrant received a lot, totally covered by forests, being the first step, the deforestation to the agriculture practice. The forests that represent 53% of the total area, are in the areas of accentuated incline, allowing the agricultural practice, because it makes more difficult the mechanization and with it, the forest areas are preserved. The field and farms totalize 40% of the area, as the fields are located in busy areas where the topography favors the soil erosion; in the farming, the main growing are potatoes, soy, corn, with direct planting, with chemical fertilizer, agrotoxics. The instrument SPRING 4.2 made possible a real representation of the variable used, allowed knowing the dynamic of the local landscape, the hypsometric and the clinography that were important to the comprehension of the dynamic use of the land.