Efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório no processo de desmame da ventilação mecânica

Abstract

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation (MV) can induce several complications and, especially, respiratory muscle weakness is involved when the VM is used in a prolonged time period. Objective: To evaluate the effects of a program of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on physiological parameters, clinical and ventilation during weaning from MV, and to evaluate the association of respiratory muscle strength with these variables. Methods: We studied seventeen subjects of both sexes admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital of Santa Maria, in the process of weaning from MV by using the Tayre tube. The subjects were randomized in the IMT group (GTMI n = 11), with two daily sessions of TMI, load 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) for ten minutes in the period of disconnection from the VM, and the control group (CG; n = 6). Results: GC and GTMI had reduced MIP and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) in relation to predicted values. The GTMI showed an increase in MIP after training, compared to the GC. As the MEP, the GTMI showed a trend towards improvement in pre-treatment values. The MEP, the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, ventilatory parameters and monitoring system of the VM did not differ between groups. Respiratory muscle strength was not associated with other variables. Conclusion: in patients weaning from MV can benefit from a regular program of IMT during this process.