Sífilis Congênita em Santa Maria, RS: série histórica, perfil epidemiológico e georreferenciamento

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Congenital syphilis is the result of the hematogenous dissemination of the Treponema Pallidum of infected pregnant women who are not treated or inadequately treated for their concept, by transplacental route. In the city of Santa Maria, congenital syphilis cases have been increasing steeply in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of reported cases of congenital syphilis in the municipality of Santa Maria between the years of 2007- 15. METHODOLOGY: It encompasses three methodological approaches: a study of the secular tendency of congenital syphilis, epidemiological description of cases and georeferencing of these cases. Date are secondary to SINAN and the sample includes all congenital syphilis cases with residence in Santa Maria in the period. RESULTS: 204 cases were reported, showing abrupt growth during the 9 years evaluated, from 0.33 / thousand live births (one case) in 2007, to alarming 17.18 / thousand live births in 2015 (63 cases), progressing year to year.Most of the notifications (n = 168) were realized by the University Hospital of Santa Maria. The recurrence of children with Congenital syphilis for the same mother was verified. Although 75% of the mothers had prenatal care and 60% were diagnosed for syphilis gestational, they were not adequately treated, culminating in congenital syphilis. The cases come from urban areas (69.3%) and peri-urban areas (30.7%), and there is no rural register. Half of the sample was between 15 and 24 years old, with 21.9% being adolescents (n = 40).Two-thirds declared race breed color, 21.1% brown and 10.7% black. About half (53%) had completed elementary education. The cases were recent congenital syphilis (91.6%), two abortions and four stillbirths. Three cases were discarded and no late syphilis was reported. The georeferencing, it was observed that there is no concentration of cases in a given area of the city, occurring in all neighborhoods and collateral points, evidencing that congenital syphilis in the municipality of Santa Maria is not linked to a certain area of vulnerability. CONCLUSION: The situation of congenital syphilis in Santa Maria is a serious problem of Collective Health, persistent and ascending. The data available in the epidemiological surveillance are sufficient to subsidize the actions of the coordination of the basic health care of the municipality to face the problem.