Estresse ocupacional, Burnout e cultura de segurança do paciente entre trabalhadores hospitalares de áreas semicríticas e críticas

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between occupational stress, Burnout and perception of patient safety culture in health workers in semicritic areas compared to criticism. This is an epidemiological cross-sectional study, linked to the matrix project "Culture of patient safety and occupational health diseases in a hospital environment" approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Maria under CAAE 80587417.0.0000.5346. The sample is constituted by health workers from the critical and semicritic areas of a university hospital. Data were collected through a socio-demographic, occupational and Health profile questionnaire, Safety attitudes Questionnaire, job stress Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory, and extracted from The Matrix Project database, upon authorization from Responsible researcher. The analysis took place in the PASW Statistic Program®, based on descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed a biosocial and labor profile designer among health workers in semicritic areas (N = 164) and criticisms (N = 229), composed of women (79, 9%), with a companion (46, 3%) and children (68, 8%), mean age of 43, 1 years (± 8, 3) for Semicritics and 43, 4 years (± 8, 4) for criticism. Most are nursing techniques (46, 1%), working at night (33, 8%), satisfied with their work (93, 6%) And no intention of leaving it (80, 1%). As for stress, in semicritic areas there was a prevalence of workers in high demand (N = 47; 28, 7%) And in the critical areas of active work (N = 75; 32, 8%). The prevalence of Burnout was 13, 4% (N = 22) for semicritic areas and 8, 3% (N = 19) for criticism. The analysis of the SAQ showed a negative perception of the patient's safety culture (x ̅ 63, 5; ± 14, 4 semicritic; x ̅ 66, 5; ± 12, 7 criticisms). The domain satisfaction at work obtained positive perception in both areas. The critical areas obtained more positive assessments in all areas of the SAQ. There was a significant association between being a worker in critical areas and having a more positive perception for the management domain of the unit. High levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and psychological demand were negatively correlated with the SAQ. As, high professional accomplishment, high control over work and low psychological demand were positively correlated with the SAQ. The multivariate analysis showed that the high strain in the work increased by 29% the prevalence to negatively assess the safety culture. Similarly, the presence of Burnout increased by 21%, older than 43 years in 22%, having a partner in 19%, having a postgraduate degree in 21% and being undecided as to leave the job in 19%. Schließt-If that despite the safety culture of the patient did not have presented difference between areas, the workers of the semicritic areas were more affected by occupational stress and Burnout. A situation that, if maintained in the long term, may negatively affect the safety culture and interferes with the quality of care. It is hoped that the findings allow the construction of interventions for verb to improve the quality of life of workers, in addition to strengthening the positive culture of patient safety